Q: Explain types, properties & uses of
Mandala?
Ans: In Hindu cosmology the piece or the surface of land is
represented in the form of square. The earth is represented as four
cornered with reference to the horizon's relationship with sunrise
and sunset, the North and South direction. It is known as
Chaturbhuji- four cornered- and represented in the symbolic form of
the Prithvi Mandala. Each side of square can be divided from 1 to 32
divisions therefore, the number of squares in mandala may vary from
1, 4, 16 till 1024. Each of these mandalas are used in specific
contexts and has a distinct name.Whatever the case may be, each
square is sub-divided into smaller squares by drawing parallel lines
to the sides.
The central area in all the mandalas is brahmasthana and space
occupied by it varies in different mandalas. The most important
mandalas are:
- Manduka / Chandita Mandala with 64 squares
- Paramasaayika Mandala with 81 squares
Normally, ideal position of Vaastu Purusha is depicted by head
in northeast & feet in southwest. While in Manduka Mandala, the
ideal position is depicted by keeping head towards east & feet
towards west. The mandala is widely used for:
Site Planning & Architecture
In site planning & architecture, mandala is used through the
process called Pada Vinyasa. With this method, any site can be
divided into grids or padas. The zoning of the site and disposition
of the functions of building are based upon the position of the gods
occupying the various modules.
Site
Sites are known by the number of divisions on each side and site of
any shape can be divided by using Pada Vinyasa.
Building
In buildings, generally the position of sakala & nishakala
are applied, based on the position of God in mandala. Also, we
give some guidelines for zoning of site and distribution of rooms
in a building.